No.247 研究課題 / Project
用水を地域資源として活用するための水利用の歴史―砂川用水を例にして－History of water use to use irrigation water as a local resource - Using water for sunrivers as an example -| 一般研究 General Research |
No.247 |
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| 代表研究者 Principal Investigator |
小坂 克信 Katsunobu KOSAKA |
| 所属（採択当時） Affiliation |
立川市文化財保護審議会委員 Member of the Cultural Properties Protection Council, Tachikawa City |
| 研究内容要約 Research Summary |
用水を地域資源として活用するため、本研究では砂川用水を事例に水利用の歴史を明らかにした。 ①江戸時代は柴崎分水から境分水までの11分水が、玉川上水から直接取水し独立していた。 ②明治3年分水口が１つに統合されて、現在の流路の原型が作られた。翌4年深大寺分水、砂川村田用水が開削され、やがて分水ごとの水利用組合から、明治8年統合された用水の水利用へ歩み出す。この間、境分水や上鈴木分水口の移動や統合などが行われた。 ③その後、用途が混在したことから紆余曲折を経て、明治39年条例に準拠した普通水利組合に認可される。一方、田用水が売却され、源五右衛門分水の開削、柴崎分水の独立が行われた。また、水賦金徴収の実態や水車の流水使用料の変遷を明らかにし、明治末期から昭和時代は、断続的に組合会の議事や歳入出の決算状況などを記した。さらに、関東大震災後の対応、小金井村や砂川村などでの水路変更や払下げなどが行われた。 ④昭和27年土地改良区になった経緯やその後の活動を取り上げた。人口増加と電力や水道敷設などにより水利用が変化し、昭和38年土地改良区が解散し、昭和40年代一部暗渠工事が行われた。しかし、その後、環境用水として見直されるようになった。 ⑤最後に、地域資源としての活用事例として上流部の町歩きテキストを作成した。 In order to use irrigation water as a local resource, this study clarified the history of water use using Sunagawa water as a case study. (1) In the Edo period, 11 irrigation waters, from Shibazaki water to Sakai water, were taken directly from Tamagawa Josui Water Supply. (2) 11 watersheds were integrated into one, and the origin of the current flow path was created. In 1871, Jindaiji water and the ｗater for the field in Sunagawa village were shaved. Eventually, the water utilization union for each irrigation water began to use the integrated water in 1875. During this period, the movement and integration of Sakai water and Kamisuzuki water port was carried out. (3) After that, through twists and turns because of the mixed uses, it is approved by the ordinary water utility association in accordance with the 1906 ordinance. On the other hand, rice water was sold, Gengoemon water was built, and the Shibazaki water was separated.In addition, the actual situation of how to pay the tax of water and the change of the use fee of the water mills were clarified. From the end of the Meiji period to the Showa period, I intermittently recorded the status of the settlement of the meetings of the water utility association and the settlement of revenue and expenditure. In addition, measures after the Great Kanto Earthquake, waterways change and reduction smaller in Koganei village and Sunagawa village, etc. (4) The history of the land improvement zone in 1952 and its activities were taken up. Water use changed due to population growth and electricity and water installation, and the land improvement zone was dissolved in 1963. Around 1965, some waterways culverted. However, the role was reviewed as water for the environment afterwards. (5) Finally, I created the town walking text in the upper part as an example of use as a local resource. |
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